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The ,,Ex situ" Process
At the enzymatic degradation of ,,ex situ" type the contaminated soil is eploited and treated with utilization of a special
device or special processes, either directly in the locality of pollution ( on site ) or it is transported off the area to the site, where it
is treated ( off site ).
Surface Decontamination of Areas and Soils ,,In situ"
This technology can by utilized in localities and places, where the exploitation and transport of the contaminated soil off to
another place cannot be carried out from different reasons ( building-up, engineering networks, manipulation surfaces, concrete
surfaces, ... ) and, concerning the final goal, it may be not done with respect to the features of the applied method. Simultaneously,
the application of this method based on the enzyme preparation used by us leads to the expressive economical savings.
The Principle of the Method Regularly, in specified intervals, a dispersion of the water suspension is carried out on the surface of the defined locality. The application is executed by the special sprinkling set. The dosing of enzyme into the treating solution is
performed automatically, in dependence on the degree of contamination and dimension of the area. In specified time intervals a
regular sample collection is carried out. The samples are evaluated on the content of the contaminator and on the basis of the
results a further procedure of the treatment works is chosen ( number of applications ). The most suitable term for decontaminating
works in terrain is from spring to autumn, in bounded spaces during the whole year.The supposed time of decontaminating works is
3 months at the initial concentration up to 20 000 mg.kg-1 of non-polar extractable substances and with a maximal depth range to
approximately 0,50 - 1 m.The decontamination is relatively fast ( in comparison with other decontaminating method ) ,but the most
important fact is, that it is also definitive.
,,In situ" Decontamination of the Non-saturated Zone
At the decontamination of soils that are situated in the zone above the level of the underground water ( the nonsaturated zone ) it
is necessary to achieve an oversaturation of this layer with the ENZYMMIX solution. We can attain the forced infiltration through
the contaminated soil layer by dosing the enzyme into the water that we transport under pressure into the rock environment either
through the infiltration wells or by the shallow infiltration drains (Figure No.3). The water solution with enzyme that goes through
the rock environment decomposes - decontaminates the contaminator and a part of it flushes away. The underground water polluted
by contaminator is pumped off bythe system of treating wells and then purified in the treatment station.
SAVER EXPRES s.r.o.
The Enzymatic Degradation ,,In situ" and ,,Ex situ"
According to the extent of the pollution, environmental conditions etc., the enzymatic degradation of
conditions either ,,in situ" or ,,ex situ" is chosen.
The ,,In situ" Process
At the enzymatic degradation of ,,In situ" type the
contaminated soil ( and underground water ) is treated
directly in the locality without its previousexploitation.
According to the placement, the contaminator is
degradated either in the non-saturated zone ( above the
level of the underground water ) or in the saturated zone
( beneath the level of the underground water ). The
underground water is purified with specialprocesses after
having been pumped up to the surface. The nonsatured
zone is formed from materials of solid, liquid and gaseous
phase. The solid matrix is formed first of all from clay,
sand and silt particles,the chemical composition of which
is represented by aluminium oxids, ferric and ferrous
oxids and silicates in majority and by humin materials.This
solid matrix comes into the contact with organic residues,
air and water, and the water content in voids depends
on the structure and type of the soil particles at the same time. The rain water affected by gravity tends to
move downward, where it, sooner or later, becomes a part
of the underground water in the saturated zone.At
enzymatic degradation, that concentrates on the
nonsaturated zone, the saturation with enzymes is carried
out mostly by infiltrating pits, drains or wells ( Figure
No. 1)
Figure No. 1: The Non-saturated Zone
The saturated zone is represented by that part
of regolite, where 100 % of the voids´ volume
are filled up with water and the soil air is not
present. When the amount of the underground
water in the saturated zone is economically not
significant, it is possible to call this layer as
water-bearing bed.The underground water is
moving in the direction of the hydraulic
gradient.On the interface of the saturated and
non-saturated zone is the boundary area of the
so-called capillary elevation zone. Its thickness
depends on the size of the soil particles. At
technologies focussed on the saturated zone it
is necessary to utilize a system of wells for introduction of enzymes, to clean the pumped
water on the surface and return it back ( Fig.
No. 2 ).
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